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The Effect of HBV Therapy on Glycemic Control in HBV-Infected Patients With Diabetes: A 90-day Multicenter Study

Qi Liu1,2, Jie Huang2, Jingyi Hu1

  • 1Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.

Journal of Medical Virology
|January 27, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is linked to poorer glycemic control in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). Anti-HBV therapy and antidiabetic treatments significantly improve blood sugar management in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Patients with diabetes mellitus are at higher risk for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  • The impact of HBV infection and its treatment on glycemic control in different types of diabetes, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between HBV infection and glycemic control (measured by Hemoglobin A1c or HbA1c) in patients with T1D, T2D, and LADA.
  • To evaluate the effect of anti-HBV therapy on glycemic control in these diabetic populations.

Main Methods:

  • A multicenter cohort study included 355 HBV-infected inpatients and 525 HBV-uninfected controls from 2016 to 2023.
  • Patients were categorized into T1D, T2D, and LADA groups. Propensity-score matching was used to minimize confounding factors.
  • HbA1c levels were monitored at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 months post-enrollment.

Main Results:

  • HBV-infected patients exhibited significantly higher baseline HbA1c levels compared to HBV-uninfected controls across all diabetes types (T1D, T2D, LADA).
  • Patients receiving anti-HBV therapy demonstrated significantly lower HbA1c levels compared to untreated patients, irrespective of antidiabetic treatment.
  • A 90-day follow-up confirmed sustained lower HbA1c levels in HBV-treated patients with T1D, T2D, or LADA.

Conclusions:

  • HBV infection is associated with poor glycemic control in patients with T1D, T2D, and LADA.
  • Both anti-HBV therapy and antidiabetic treatment are identified as protective factors for improved glycemic control in HBV-infected diabetic patients.
  • Intervention with anti-HBV therapy alongside antidiabetic management can lead to better blood sugar regulation in individuals with diabetes and HBV infection.

Keywords:
HBVglycemic controlhemoglobin A1ctype 1 diabetestype 2 diabetes

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