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Factors associated with receiving a Functional Disorder diagnostic label: A systematic review.
Mais Tattan1, Judith Rosmalen1, Denise Hanssen1
1Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Plos One
|January 27, 2025
Summary
Female patients are more likely to receive a functional disorder (FD) diagnosis. Healthcare providers express concerns about labeling patients, and high-quality research is needed to guide diagnostic decisions.
Area of Science:
- Medical research
- Psychiatry
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Functional disorders (FDs) are common conditions like Fibromyalgia and Irritable Bowel Syndrome, diagnosed by symptom patterns.
- Many patients meeting FD criteria lack a formal diagnosis.
- Understanding factors influencing FD diagnosis is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review factors associated with receiving a functional disorder diagnostic label.
- To explore patient and healthcare professional perspectives on FD diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search across PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase following PRISMA guidelines.
- Inclusion of all research methodologies and languages focusing on FD diagnostic labels.
- Data extraction and quality assessment using the QuADS instrument by two independent reviewers.
Main Results:
- 15 studies (10 quantitative, 5 qualitative) were included.
- Female patients were more likely to receive an FD diagnostic label.
- Healthcare professionals showed hesitancy in diagnosing FDs due to potential patient harm; study quality was low to moderate.
Conclusions:
- Understanding factors beyond symptom development is key for evidence-based FD diagnostic decisions.
- High-quality research is urgently required to improve diagnostic practices for functional disorders.
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