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Author Spotlight: Exploring the Fermentation Microbiome Through Next-Generation Sequencing

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Temperature Requirements Can Affect the Microbial Composition Causing Sour Rot in Grapes.

Chiara Brischetto^1,2, Vittorio Rossi^1,2, Irene Salotti¹

¹Department of Sustainable Crop Production (DI.PRO.VE.S.), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy.

Environmental Microbiology Reports

|January 28, 2025

Summary

Sour rot (SR) in grapevines is caused by various microbes, influenced by environmental factors. Microbiome composition varies by bioclimatic conditions, impacting disease spread and management.

Keywords:

Vitis vinifera bioclimatic characters bunch microflora controlled environment microclimate minor bunch rot optical density

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Area of Science:

Viticulture
Plant Pathology
Microbiology

Background:

Sour rot (SR) is a significant late-season grapevine disease.
It results from a complex interaction of non-Saccharomyces yeasts, acetic acid bacteria, and environmental factors.
Microbial composition of SR varies with bioclimates and seasons.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of environmental conditions on the microbiome of SR-affected grape bunches.
To analyze the distribution of key yeast and bacterial species across different Italian bioclimates.
To understand the ecophysiological characteristics of SR-associated microorganisms.

Main Methods:

Studied 41 locations across three Italian bioclimates.
Focused on nine yeast and two bacterial species commonly found in SR grapes.
Assessed microbial growth responses to temperature and categorized them into ecophysiological clusters.

Main Results:

The microbiome composition of sour rot varies significantly across different bioclimates.
Specific yeast and bacterial species showed distinct distribution patterns linked to bioclimatic conditions.
Ecophysiological clustering revealed temperature-dependent growth responses among the studied microorganisms.

Conclusions:

Bioclimatic conditions are a key factor shaping the sour rot microbiome in vineyards.
Understanding microbial ecology and niches is crucial for effective SR management.
Further research is needed to refine SR epidemiology and control strategies based on environmental influences.