Influence factors of clinical effects on patients with early gastric cancer: A retrospective study

Identifying factors that influence non-curative resection (NCR) is critical to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient outcomes in patients with early gastric cancer (EGC).

To investigate the factors influencing the NCR of EGC and to evaluate the predictive value of these factors.

The clinical data of 173 patients with EGC admitted between July 2020 and July 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to radical resection criteria, the patients were further divided into curative resection group (n = 143) and NCR group (n = 30). Clinical information was collected, including surgical method, tumor diameter, tumor site, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors affecting non-curable resection.

Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ulcer formation [odds ratio (OR) = 3.53; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.55-8.01, P = 0.003], pathological type (OR = 3.73; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002), tumor diameter (OR = 3.15; 95%CI: 1.40-7.05, P = 0.005), tumor location (OR = 3.50; 95%CI: 1.16-10.58, P = 0.027), lymph node metastasis (OR = 4.40; 95%CI: 1.83-10.57, P = 0.001), and depth of penetration (OR = 3.75; 95%CI: 1.60-8.74, P = 0.002) were all risk factors for NCR in EGC patients. Predictive analysis showed varying area under the curve values for factors such as tumor diameter (0.636), tumor location (0.608), ulcer formation (0.652), infiltration depth (0.658), pathological type (0.656), and lymph node metastasis (0.674).

The results suggest that factors such as tumor diameter, tumor location, ulcer formation, depth of invasion, pathological type, and lymph node metastasis increase the risk of NCR in EGC patients.