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In this current wildfire crisis, acknowledge widespread suffering.

Fiona E Newman Thacker1, Kathleen Uyttewaal2, Tomás Quiñones3

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Climate change fuels extreme wildfires, causing widespread suffering. This study defines six themes of suffering and highlights adaptation strategies addressing social and ecological factors to reduce impacts.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Climate change impacts
  • Disaster research

Background:

  • Extreme weather events, including wildfires, are increasing globally due to climate change.
  • Societies face choices of mitigation, adaptation, or suffering in response to these events.
  • The full extent of suffering caused by extreme wildfires remains undefined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and encapsulate the diverse impacts and effects of extreme wildfires.
  • To identify common themes of suffering resulting from wildfires.
  • To evaluate adaptation strategies for reducing wildfire-induced suffering.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two systematic literature reviews to determine wildfire impacts and effects.
  • Identified six common themes of suffering: environmental, social, physical, mental, cultural, and resource-based.
  • Applied these themes to case studies of the Las Maquinas (Chile) and Fort McMurray (Canada) wildfires.

Main Results:

  • Six distinct themes of wildfire suffering were identified, varying in scale from local to global.
  • Case studies demonstrated that adaptation strategies can reduce suffering.
  • Suffering from wildfires is multifaceted, affecting individuals, communities, and ecosystems.

Conclusions:

  • Wildfire suffering is diverse and widespread, encompassing environmental, social, physical, mental, cultural, and resource dimensions.
  • Effective adaptation strategies must integrate social and ecological considerations.
  • Increased engagement with comprehensive adaptation strategies is crucial for mitigating future wildfire suffering.