Prognosis of TP53 and Its Concomitant EGFR Mutation in Lung Cancer Especially Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Human Lung Carcinoma (LC) is among the most diagnosed cancers across the world among those non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprises about 85%. Next Generation Sequencing based detection of mutations are now well established in molecular oncology. With the advent of modern diagnostic methods, it is now well known that there are several mutations and gene rearrangements which are associated with the development of LC. Among those mutations, TP53 is the most prevalent with the concomitant EGFR mutation.

In this retrospective study, a total number of 414 patients have been incorporated who have attended RGCIRC in the period between November 2015 to March 2024. Clinical stage has been determined as per NCCN Guideline version 2.2024. Nucleic Acid (DNA and RNA) from FFPE samples were extracted and detection of mutation was performed by Next generation sequencing (NGS) method.

All 414 patients opted for the customised NGS panel for lung cancer among those 203 patients were TP53 mutation and 87 patients were EGFR mutation positive. 62 patients were TP53-EGFR double mutation positive. The results of this study have shown that TP53 mutated patients show poor prognosis with conventional therapy. However, TP53-EGFR co-mutated patient's recovery rates are comparatively promising due to the availability of the targeted therapy of EGFR.

Studies have shown that TP53 mutation is unlikely to derive clinical benefit in LC patients and shows poorer prognosis when compared to TP53 wild type and EGFR mutated patients show improved recovery due to availability of the Kinase Inhibitor (KI) treatment. In this study we have observed and concluded that TP53-EGFR co-mutated group also shows promising prognosis for the application of KI treatment. A further large cohort study will establish this clinical observation and enlighten more therapeutically relevant information.