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Related Concept Videos

What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
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Global Climate Change

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Experimental Protocol for Manipulating Plant-induced Soil Heterogeneity
08:16

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Published on: March 13, 2014

Climate change heterogeneity: A new quantitative approach.

María Dolores Gadea Rivas1, Jesús Gonzalo2

  • 1Department of Applied Economics, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.

Plos One
|January 28, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Climate change analysis reveals significant spatial and temporal temperature variations. A new quantitative method shows Spain

Area of Science:

  • Climate Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Statistical Modeling

Background:

  • Climate change is a complex phenomenon exhibiting non-uniform spatial and temporal characteristics.
  • Understanding this heterogeneity is crucial for assessing societal and economic impacts.
  • Existing methods often focus on average temperature changes, potentially overlooking distributional shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a quantitative methodology for analyzing climate change heterogeneity (CCH).
  • To define and measure key climate change concepts like warming, amplification, and acceleration using trend analysis of temperature quantiles.
  • To enable comparative analysis of warming processes across different regions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a methodology based on trend analysis of temperature distribution quantiles.

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  • Converted quantiles into time series for linear regression analysis.
  • Applied the method to global (2192 stations) and Spanish (30 stations) temperature data from 1950-2019.
  • Main Results:

    • Both the Globe and Spain exhibit distributional warming, but with distinct patterns.
    • The Globe shows greater warming in lower temperatures, while Spain shifts towards stronger warming in upper quantiles.
    • Warming processes accelerate and are asymmetrically amplified in both regions over time.

    Conclusions:

    • Spain's warming in upper quantiles exceeds the global average, while its lower quantiles are dominated by global Arctic warming.
    • The findings highlight the need for non-uniform causal-effect climate analysis beyond mean-based causality.
    • Climate change mitigation and adaptation policies require both global and localized regional components.