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Investigating orbital foreign device-associated malignancies: a scoping review.

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  • 1Interdisciplinary Program of Medical Informatics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. hjeong907@gmail.com.

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Malignancies can occur after ophthalmic surgeries involving foreign devices like scleral shells and orbital implants. Further research is needed to confirm the link between these devices and cancer development.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Prosthesis-associated malignancies are acknowledged but under-recognized in ophthalmology.
  • Ophthalmologic surgeries frequently involve foreign devices, increasing potential risks.
  • Limited awareness exists among surgeons and patients regarding these risks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a scoping review of malignancies following ophthalmologic surgeries involving foreign devices.
  • To address the knowledge gap regarding cancer risks associated with ophthalmic implants.
  • To identify types of devices and associated malignancies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review following PRISMA guidelines.
  • Searched PubMed and Embase for studies on cancer and ophthalmic prostheses/implants.
  • Rigorous selection and analysis of relevant ophthalmology studies.

Main Results:

  • Analyzed 30 studies, identifying 41 cases of malignancies post-orbital foreign device interventions.
  • Associated devices included scleral shells, orbital implants, scleral buckles, encircling bands, and gold plates.
  • Ocular surface squamous neoplasm was most frequent (29 cases); other cancers included sarcomas, lymphomas, and carcinomas. Median time to tumor development was 40 years.

Conclusions:

  • A spectrum of malignancies is associated with orbital foreign device procedures.
  • Potential causal relationships between specific orbital devices and malignancies are suggested.
  • Further epidemiologic studies and scientific experiments are required to confirm causality.