Dual-band polarization-controlled metasurface with independent amplitude-phase coding for versatile beam forming

Digital coding metasurfaces have gained considerable attention for their potential to bridge physical and information sciences. However, existing metasurfaces are often restricted to either phase-only or amplitude-only control and typically operate within a single frequency band or polarization, limiting their functionality in advanced electromagnetic applications. This study proposes a dual-band metasurface with independent amplitude-phase coding for polarization-controlled beam manipulation, addressing these limitations. The designed metasurface features a three-layer structure that integrates resistive films and optimized geometries, allowing simultaneous and independent control of amplitude and phase for linearly polarized (LP) waves in the X-band and circularly polarized (CP) waves in the Ku-band. Through digital coding, it achieves simultaneous 1-bit control over amplitude and phase, facilitating flexible beam steering and complex wavefront manipulation across distinct polarizations and frequencies. A functional prototype was designed, simulated, fabricated, and experimentally tested. The results show close alignment between simulations and experimental measurements, confirming the metasurface's versatile modulation capabilities. This advancement provides a robust platform for applications in wireless communication, radar systems, and adaptive electromagnetic wave engineering, offering significant improvements in design flexibility and operational bandwidth.