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General design method for ultralong optical path length multipass matrix cells.

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    Researchers developed a new design method for ultralong optical path length (OPL) multipass matrix cells (MMCs). This innovation enables trace gas monitoring with unprecedented sensitivity, reaching parts-per-trillion detection limits for methane.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Spectroscopy
    • Gas Sensing Technology

    Background:

    • Multipass cells (MPCs) are crucial for enhancing light-matter interactions in gas sensing.
    • Existing MPC designs face limitations in achieving extremely long optical path lengths (OPLs).
    • Ultralong OPLs are essential for improving the sensitivity of trace gas detection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose a general design method for ultralong OPL multipass matrix cells (MMCs).
    • To demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design method.
    • To advance the capabilities of high-precision trace gas monitoring.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a general design method for MMCs based on the multicycle mode of two-sided field mirrors.
    • Utilized classical Pickett-Bradley White cell (PBWC) and Bernstein-Herzberg White cell (BHWC) designs.
    • Constructed a CH4 detection system with a 1,138 m OPL MMC for verification.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved ultralong OPLs in MMCs, reaching kilometers.
    • Demonstrated a minimum detection limit of 367 parts per trillion (ppt) for methane (CH4).
    • Verified the optical stability and effectiveness of the proposed design method.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed general design method enables the creation of MMCs with OPLs of kilometers.
    • The developed MMCs offer significant potential for high-precision trace gas monitoring.
    • This work provides a novel approach for designing advanced multipass cells.