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Realizing a 3 C Fast-Charging Practical Sodium Pouch Cell.

Jinhui Zhao1, Hao Lan2, Guangze Yang2

  • 1School of Material Science and Engineering, "The Belt and Road Initiative" Advanced Materials International Joint Research Center of Hebei Province, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing fast-charging sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is crucial. This study introduces phosphorus-sulfur interphase chemistry to enable 3C charging in energy-dense SIB pouch cells without sodium plating, enhancing performance and longevity.

Keywords:
ElectrolyteFast chargingInterface ChemistrySodium batteriesSolid electrolyte interphase

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are promising for fast charging due to Na+ properties.
  • Practical SIBs are limited to 1C charging due to metallic sodium plating on hard carbon anodes.
  • Overcoming sodium plating is key to achieving high-rate capabilities in energy-dense SIB pouch cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an ampere-hour-level sodium-ion pouch cell capable of 3C charging.
  • To investigate phosphorus-sulfur interphase chemistry for enhanced sodium-ion interface kinetics.
  • To enable fast charging in energy-dense SIBs without detrimental metallic sodium plating.

Main Methods:

  • Rational electrolyte regulation to form Na3PO4 and Na2SO4 in the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI).
  • Utilizing phosphorus (P)-sulfur (S) interphase chemistry to modify SEI properties.
  • Fabricating and testing O3-Na(Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3)O2||HC and Na3V2(PO4)3||HC pouch cells.

Main Results:

  • Achieved 3C charging in an energy-dense (126 Wh/kg) O3-Na(Ni1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3)O2||HC pouch cell without sodium plating.
  • Demonstrated excellent capacity retention of 91.5% over 200 cycles at 3C.
  • A power-type Na3V2(PO4)3||HC pouch cell exhibited an impressive 50C fast-charging capability.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphorus-sulfur interphase chemistry effectively lowers the Na+ desolvation energy barrier and enhances interfacial kinetics.
  • The developed SIBs overcome the limitations of sodium plating, enabling significantly faster charging rates.
  • This approach provides a viable strategy for developing high-performance, fast-charging sodium-ion batteries.