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Mechanisms of inflammatory microenvironment formation in cardiometabolic diseases: molecular and cellular

Menghua Liu1, Rumeng Chen1, Zhiwei Zheng1

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|January 29, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Inflammation drives cardiometabolic diseases like atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Understanding these complex inflammatory pathways is key to developing targeted treatments for these conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Immunology
  • Metabolic Disease Research

Background:

  • Cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are major global health burdens.
  • Inflammation is a central mechanism in CMD pathogenesis.
  • Atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetic cardiomyopathy share inflammatory underpinnings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular and cellular inflammatory mechanisms in atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • To elucidate the role of the inflammatory microenvironment in these conditions.
  • To highlight the complexity and diversity of inflammatory pathways in CMD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on molecular and cellular inflammatory processes.
  • Analysis of key inflammatory mediators and pathways in specific CMDs.
  • Synthesis of information on immune cell activation and signaling cascades.

Main Results:

  • Atherosclerosis involves oxidized LDL, IL-6, and TNF-α, leading to foam cells and arterial thickening.
  • Hypertension is linked to RAS activation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and T-cell mediated inflammation.
  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy features AGEs, RAGE activation, and inflammation damaging cardiac and microvascular function.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory mechanisms in CMDs are intricate and varied.
  • Deepening the understanding of these mechanisms is crucial.
  • This knowledge will facilitate the development of personalized treatment strategies for CMDs.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscardiometabolic diseasesdiabetic cardiomyopathyhypertensioninflammatory microenvironment

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