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Hydroxysafflor yellow A: a natural pigment with potential anticancer therapeutic effect
Yuhan Wang1, Junsha An1, Jianbo Zhou1
1Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Abstract:
Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a natural pigment with a chalcone structure extracted from Carthamus tinctorius L. (Safflower), has been widely proven to have good efficacy on cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, cancer, and diabetes. However, no study has reported on the anticancer mechanisms of Hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA), a principal bioactive compound in safflower. This review discusses recent developments in the physicochemical properties and sources, pharmacological effects and mechanisms, pharmacokinetic progress, and safety of HSYA, focusing on the involvement of HSYA in the regulation of related pathways and mechanisms of apoptosis, autophagy, and the tumor immune microenvironment in a variety of cancers. This can serve as a theoretical basis for further research and development of HSYA, with insights into the mechanisms of anticancer signaling pathways.
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