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Updated: May 30, 2025
Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
Published on: November 27, 2019
A Nonrandomized Pilot Study to Investigate the Acceptability and Feasibility of LivR Well: A Multifaceted 28-Day
Natalie L Y Ngu1,2, Edward Saxby1,3, Thomas Worland1
1Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Monash Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Background And Aims:
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) has a 22%-74% 28-day mortality rate and 30%-40% 30-day readmission rate. We investigated the acceptability and feasibility of a multimodal community intervention for ACLF.
Methods:
A single-arm nonrandomized pilot study of consecutive participants with ACLF was conducted in a tertiary health service. Participants received weekly medical and nursing reviews, dietetics, physiotherapy, pharmacy, social work, addiction medicine, and neuropsychiatry, where indicated. A digital platform included remote weight monitoring and online surveys. The primary outcome was acceptability/feasibility. Secondary outcomes included safety, mortality, readmission, liver disease severity, and costs.
Results:
Fifty-nine patients were enrolled with median age 51 years (interquartile range (IQR): 45-59); majority alcohol etiology (74%),and median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Sodium score 16 (IQR: 12-21). LivR Well was acceptable with low attrition (8 of 59), adherence to the program including home visits (mean 8.4 ± 4.2) and consultations (mean 2.4 ± 1.5) per patient. This was supported by positive feedback and themes identified through a qualitative subanalysis. Feasibility was demonstrated by recruitment rate of 4.94 patients/month and 86% completion. Mortality was lower than expected at 3%, 30-day readmission rate was 15%, and median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Sodium score reduced to 15 (P = .01). Median 6-month costs reduced from $30,454 (IQR: $21,953-$65,657) to $17,657 ($4249-$42,876) (P = .009). The total 6-month health-care cost was $1,868,859 (95% confidence interval 1,081,821-2,655,897) compared to $2,518,227 (95% confidence interval 1,959,610-3,076,844).
Conclusion:
LivR Well was acceptable, feasible, and safe with low short-term mortality and readmission rates. Health-care costs were reduced by 26% driven by a 40% reduction in 30-day readmission. Further evaluation includes a randomized controlled trial of LivR Well compared to standard care.
