Pain and Headache in Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease

The purpose of this review is to evaluate the current knowledge and recent findings on different pain and headache presentations associated with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease (MOGAD) disease.

MOGAD is an inflammatory autoimmune disease affecting mostly the central nervous system, presenting with optic neuritis, transverse myelitis and other forms of inflammatory demyelination. Pain and headache in MOGAD have been recognized more recently and acute and chronic forms of pain can occur in both the adult and pediatric population. An important recent observation is that MOGAD can affect the peripheral nervous system, which can contribute to pain symptoms. Acute and chronic forms of pain have been described in MOGAD, including ocular pain, different types of headaches and neuropathies, involving the central and peripheral nervous system. Awareness of these types of pain in both the pediatric and adult population is crucial, to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment.