Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

579
In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
579
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

216
Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers...
216
IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration

1.1K
A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
According to Hooke's law, the vibrational frequency is directly proportional to...
1.1K
The Fluid Mosaic Model01:34

The Fluid Mosaic Model

141.5K
The fluid mosaic model was first proposed as a visual representation of research observations. The model comprises the composition and dynamics of membranes and serves as a foundation for future membrane-related studies. The model depicts the structure of the plasma membrane with a variety of components, which include phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. These integral molecules are loosely bound, defining the cell’s border and providing fluidity for optimal function.
141.5K
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

11.0K
Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich...
11.0K
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain01:29

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Strain

163
Three-dimensional strain analysis is crucial for understanding how materials deform under stress, particularly in elastic, homogeneous materials. This method employs principal stress axes to simplify complex stress states into more understandable forms. Subjected to stress, a small cubic element within a material either expands or contracts along these axes, transforming into a rectangular parallelepiped. This transformation effectively illustrates the material's deformation. The principal...
163

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Disorder-Induced Symmetry Breaking in Moiré Bands of Marginally Twisted Bilayer MoS<sub>2</sub>.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Ferroelectric brightening of spin‑forbidden dark excitons in a WSe<sub>2</sub>/hybrid-perovskite heterostructure.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Imaging the sub-moiré potential using an atomic single electron transistor.

Nature·2026
Same author

Erratum: Elastic Screening of Pseudogauge Fields in Graphene [Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 046404 (2025)].

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Elastic Screening of Pseudogauge Fields in Graphene.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Evidence for electron-hole crystals in a Mott insulator.

Nature materials·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 8, 2025

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moir&#233; Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

12.2K

Analytical Model for Atomic Relaxation in Twisted Moiré Materials.

Mohammed M Al Ezzi1,2,3, Gayani N Pallewela2, Christophe De Beule4

  • 1National University of Singapore, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575.

Physical Review Letters
|January 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Atomic relaxation significantly impacts two-dimensional heterostructures. This study presents a theory for lattice relaxation in twisted moiré materials, offering insights into their electronic properties and enabling continuum model extensions.

More Related Videos

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.4K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

8.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 8, 2025

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moir&#233; Fringes
06:56

Micro/Nano-scale Strain Distribution Measurement from Sampling Moiré Fringes

Published on: May 23, 2017

12.2K
Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

8.4K
Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
08:04

Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids

Published on: May 27, 2020

8.3K

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit electronic properties highly sensitive to atomic arrangement.
  • Heterostructures formed from 2D materials behave as flexible membranes, with atomic relaxation playing a crucial role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an analytical theory describing lattice relaxation in twisted moiré materials.
  • To provide analytical results for lattice displacements and pseudo gauge fields as a function of twist angle.
  • To investigate the impact of relaxation on the electronic structure of twisted bilayer graphene.

Main Methods:

  • Development of an analytical theory for lattice relaxation in twisted moiré materials.
  • Benchmarking theoretical results against large-scale molecular dynamics simulations for twisted bilayer graphene and twisted WSe2 bilayers.
  • Extension of the continuum model to incorporate lattice relaxation effects.

Main Results:

  • Analytical expressions for lattice displacements and pseudo gauge fields derived.
  • The developed theory is validated for twisted bilayer graphene (twist angles θ≳0.7°) and twisted WSe2 bilayers (θ≳1.6°).
  • Demonstrated how atomic relaxation modifies the electronic structure in twisted bilayer graphene.

Conclusions:

  • Atomic relaxation is a critical factor in determining the electronic properties of 2D heterostructures.
  • The analytical theory provides a powerful tool for understanding and predicting the behavior of twisted moiré materials.
  • The findings facilitate more accurate modeling of electronic properties in twisted 2D materials.