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The chloroplast RNA-binding protein CP29A supports rbcL expression during cold acclimation.

Benjamin Lenzen1, Florian Rösch1, Julia Legen1

  • 1Molecular Genetics, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin 10115, Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 29, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CP29A, a chloroplast RNA-binding protein, is crucial for cold acclimation and Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphat-carboxylase/-oxygenase (RuBisCo) production in plants. This protein binds to rbcL mRNA, aiding in cold-induced photosynthetic efficiency.

Keywords:
CLIPRNA bindingRuBisCochloroplastcold acclimation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Photosynthesis research
  • Chloroplast gene expression

Background:

  • The chloroplast genome encodes essential photosynthetic proteins, including Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphat-carboxylase/-oxygenase (RuBisCo).
  • Expression of these genes is mainly regulated post-transcriptionally by nuclear-encoded RNA-binding proteins (RBPs).
  • Cold stress challenges plants, often leading to increased RuBisCo production for acclimation, a mechanism not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of chloroplast RNA-binding protein CP29A in cold acclimation.
  • To identify specific RNA binding sites of CP29A at nucleotide resolution.
  • To understand CP29A's contribution to the regulation of RuBisCo (rbcL) gene expression under cold conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CP29A-RNA interactions at nucleotide resolution.
  • Generation and analysis of CRISPR/Cas9-induced NtCP29A mutants in tobacco.
  • Assessment of rbcL mRNA and RbcL protein levels in wild-type and mutant plants under varying temperatures.

Main Results:

  • CP29A preferentially binds to the 5'-untranslated region of rbcL mRNA, downstream of the MRL1 binding site.
  • Tobacco mutants lacking NtCP29A displayed significant cold-dependent photosynthetic deficiencies across the leaf blade.
  • These deficiencies correlated with reduced rbcL mRNA and RbcL protein accumulation in the mutants.

Conclusions:

  • Chloroplast RNA-binding protein CP29A plays a vital role in the cold acclimation of RbcL production.
  • CP29A's interaction with rbcL mRNA contributes to maintaining photosynthetic efficiency under low temperatures.
  • The findings highlight a key regulatory mechanism for chloroplast gene expression during plant cold stress response.