Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2025
06:30
Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm
Published on: April 28, 2020
5.7K
Variable vertical land motion and its impacts on sea level rise projections
Marin Govorcin1, David P S Bekaert1, Benjamin D Hamlington1
1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Science Advances
|January 29, 2025
Summary
Coastal vertical land motion (VLM) significantly impacts sea level rise. Local VLM estimates, unlike regional ones, reveal underestimated sea level rise in California, crucial for effective coastal flood management.
Area of Science:
- Geosciences
- Climate Science
- Coastal Engineering
Background:
- Coastal vertical land motion (VLM) is critical for accurate sea level rise (SLR) projections and flood mitigation planning.
- Current frameworks, like the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, often rely on linear regional VLM estimates, leading to underestimations.
- Accurate VLM data is essential for understanding and managing coastal inundation risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide high-resolution, local VLM estimates for California using recent satellite data.
- To assess the current and future contribution of local VLM to SLR.
- To highlight the inadequacy of regional VLM estimates in coastal projection frameworks.
Main Methods:
- Utilized high-resolution (90-meter) satellite data spanning from 2015 to 2023.
- Calculated local VLM rates for coastal California.
- Analyzed the impact of VLM on projected SLR by 2050, considering nonlinear factors.
Main Results:
- Regional VLM estimates substantially understate SLR in San Francisco and Los Angeles, potentially doubling projected rise by 2050.
- Temporally variable VLM, influenced by hydrocarbon and groundwater extraction, introduces up to 0.4 meters of uncertainty in 2050 SLR projections in parts of Los Angeles and San Diego.
- Local VLM rates vary significantly across the California coast.
Conclusions:
- Local VLM data is indispensable for refining SLR projections and improving coastal management strategies.
- Current sea level projection models require integration of detailed, local VLM data to account for nonlinearities and uncertainties.
- Effective coastal adaptation requires incorporating precise VLM assessments to mitigate future flood risks.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Influence of Earth's Curvature and Atmospheric Refraction on Leveling
50
During leveling, the Earth's curvature and atmospheric refraction introduce deviations in the line of sight from a true horizontal reference. When the line of sight is leveled, it remains perpendicular to the plumb line only at a single point. Beyond this, it deviates due to the Earth’s curvature, represented by the correction C. For a sight distance D, the deviation can be derived using the relationship:This relationship shows that the deviation increases quadratically with distance.
50
01:26Introduction and Methods of Leveling
61
Leveling is a surveying procedure used to determine elevation differences between distant points. Elevation refers to the vertical distance above or below a reference datum, typically mean sea level (MSL). In the United States, elevations are often referenced to the mean sea level station at Father Point Rimouski along the St. Lawrence Seaway. To make the datum accessible, permanent markers are established throughout the region. These markers, called benchmarks, have known elevations. If the...
61
01:26Impact: Problem Solving
221
In an experiment conducted during a Mars mission, a rover propels a projectile with an initial velocity, and the projectile rebounds after colliding with the Martian surface. To ascertain the maximum height attained by the projectile after this collision, the known restitution coefficient and acceleration due to gravity are employed.
By designating the launch point as the origin and utilizing kinematic equations, the vertical component of the projectile's velocity at the point of impact is...
By designating the launch point as the origin and utilizing kinematic equations, the vertical component of the projectile's velocity at the point of impact is...
221
01:17Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors
59
A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
59
01:20Variation in Acceleration due to Gravity near the Earth's Surface
2.4K
An object's apparent weight is its weight measured by a spring balance at its location. It is different from its true weight, the force with which the Earth pulls it, because of the Earth's rotation. Mathematically, an object's apparent weight equals its true weight minus the centripetal force that keeps it in a circular motion along with the Earth's surface every 24 hours.
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's...
The difference between the true and apparent weights is proportional to the square of the Earth's...
2.4K
01:03Precipitation Gravimetry
5.2K
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
5.2K