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Forty-six twins were compared with an equal number of singletons, matched for gestational age, birthweight and mode of delivery. The neurological findings in the neonatal period were similar in the matched groups, but twins were significantly more often deviant than a large unselected sample of singletons. It is concluded that both in twins and in singletons growth retardation, preterm birth and birth trauma are important causes of neonatal neurological abnormality, but that twins are not more susceptible to the effects of these variables than singletons.

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