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A Retrospective Study of Pediatric Allergic Contact Dermatitis from 2017-2022
Jessica N Pixley1, Christina Kontzias2, Rachel E Tao2
1Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, 4618 Country Club Road, Winston-Salem, NC, 27104, USA. pixleyjn@gmail.com.
Dermatology and Therapy
|January 29, 2025
Summary
Patch testing in children reveals varied allergen sensitivities across age, sex, and racial groups. Propolis and carmine were common allergens, with risks of multiple sensitivities differing by race and ethnicity.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dermatology
- Allergology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is common in children.
- Increasing diversity in the US pediatric population necessitates research reflecting this demographic.
- Understanding racial and ethnic variations in pediatric ACD is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze demographic differences in pediatric patch testing.
- To identify variations in age, sex, race, and ethnicity among children undergoing patch tests.
- To investigate allergen prevalence across diverse pediatric groups.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 792 pediatric patients' patch test data from 2017-2022.
- Comparison of patch test results stratified by age, sex, race, and ethnicity.
- Statistical analysis to identify significant differences and trends.
Main Results:
- Children aged 0-5 years showed the highest rate of positive patch test reactions.
- Propolis was the most common allergen in females and older children (6-18 years).
- Carmine was the most frequent allergen in males and younger children (1-5 years).
- Risk of sensitization to multiple allergens differed significantly across racial and ethnic groups.
Conclusions:
- Patch test positivity and multiple allergen sensitivities vary by demographic factors in children.
- Disparities in allergen exposure patterns and healthcare access likely contribute to observed differences.
- Further research is needed to address multifactorial etiologies of these variations.
