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Ectopic thyroid tissue in the airway: a case report.

Qun Zhang1, Lin Zhou2, Wei Li1

  • 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026 Yatai street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.

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|January 29, 2025
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Summary

Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) in the airway is rare and can mimic asthma. This case highlights successful endoscopic treatment for endotracheal ETT, improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Airway obstructionCase reportDiagnosisEctopic thyroid tissueTreatment

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare congenital anomaly.
  • ETT outside the normal location can present diagnostic challenges, mimicking respiratory disorders like asthma.
  • Airway ETT is particularly challenging due to its potential to obstruct breathing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a case of endotracheal ETT.
  • To highlight diagnostic and management strategies for airway ETT.
  • To emphasize the importance of considering ETT in unexplained respiratory symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a 69-year-old male with severe dyspnea.
  • Initial suspicion of malignancy for the endotracheal lesion.
  • Diagnosis confirmed via bronchoscopy and histopathology.
  • Successful endoscopic interventional therapy.

Main Results:

  • Endoscopic interventional therapy led to significant symptom improvement.
  • Complete resolution of the airway lesion was achieved.
  • The patient's dyspnea was effectively managed.

Conclusions:

  • Ectopic thyroid tissue (ETT) is a rare but important consideration in unexplained respiratory symptoms.
  • Prompt diagnosis and minimally invasive endoscopic resection can lead to favorable patient outcomes.
  • ETT should be included in the differential diagnosis to avoid misdiagnosis and ensure appropriate treatment.