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Assessing ChatGPT's Capability in Addressing Thyroid Cancer Patient Queries: A Comprehensive Mixed-Methods

Matthew A Gorris1, Reese W Randle2, Corey S Obermiller3

  • 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC 27101, USA.

Journal of the Endocrine Society
|January 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

ChatGPT provides inaccurate and incomplete information on thyroid cancer, making it unreliable for patient use. Expert evaluation revealed significant shortcomings in accuracy, completeness, and satisfaction with AI-generated thyroid cancer content.

Keywords:
ChatGPTartificial intelligencethyroid cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Background:

  • Patients with thyroid cancer frequently have unmet information needs.
  • Online resources, including generative AI like ChatGPT, are increasingly used by patients for health information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the quality and reliability of ChatGPT's responses to thyroid cancer-related queries.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty thyroid cancer questions were posed to ChatGPT.
  • Responses were assessed by eight thyroid cancer experts (endocrinologists and endocrine surgeons).
  • Evaluations included accuracy, completeness, and satisfaction using a 7-point Likert scale and qualitative analysis of comments.

Main Results:

  • Only 57% of responses were deemed accurate, 56% complete, and 52% satisfactory.
  • Qualitative analysis of 198 comments revealed frequent criticism.
  • Key issues included overemphasis on diet/iodine and inaccurate/incomplete information on surgery and radioactive iodine therapy risks.

Conclusions:

  • ChatGPT's current performance is insufficient for unsupervised patient use regarding thyroid cancer information.
  • The AI tool requires significant improvement in accuracy and completeness to be a reliable resource for thyroid cancer patients.