Transcript Changes of Placental Tissue in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Based on Transcriptome Sequencing

Area of Science:

• Genomics
• Molecular Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses risks to maternal and fetal health.
• Understanding the molecular mechanisms of GDM is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify key genes involved in GDM pathogenesis.
• To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of GDM.

Main Methods:

• High-throughput transcriptome sequencing of placental tissues from GDM and normal pregnancies.
• Bioinformatic analysis including Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment.
• Validation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR).

Main Results:

• Identified 435 DEGs in GDM placentas (128 upregulated, 307 downregulated).
• DEGs are enriched in biological processes like cellular regulation and molecular functions including binding and catalysis.
• Key pathways implicated include PI3K-Akt signaling and ECM-receptor interaction.

Conclusions:

• YWHAB, LEP, CCL21, PAPPA2, and SFN are potential biomarkers for GDM diagnosis.
• These genes are implicated in GDM occurrence and development.
• The identified genes hold potential value for GDM prediction and diagnosis.