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Malnutrition and associated risk factors in orphanages in Punjab, Pakistan: an analytical study

Muhammad Farhan Farid1, Alfur Rehman1, Ahmad Mujtaba Khaliq1

  • 1Public Health, Health Services Academy, Islamabad, Pakistan.

BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health
|January 30, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Malnutrition affects over a third of institutionalized children in Punjab, Pakistan. Early assessment and intervention are crucial for preventing poor nutritional status in orphanages.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Social Medicine

Background:

  • Children in orphanages are at higher risk of malnutrition due to inadequate nutrition and psychological stress.
  • There is limited data on the nutritional status of institutionalized children in Pakistan.
  • This study assessed malnutrition prevalence in Punjab Social Welfare Department orphanages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the nutritional status of children residing in orphanages in Punjab, Pakistan.
  • To identify risk factors associated with malnutrition in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • A multicentre analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with 255 children aged 6-18 years in seven orphanages.
  • Anthropometric measurements and data on dietary intake were collected.
  • Malnutrition was defined using WHO growth charts, and logistic regression identified risk factors.

Main Results:

  • 36.1% of children were identified as malnourished.
  • Prevalence included underweight (11.8%), overweight (4.3%), and obesity (1.2%).
  • Stunting affected 24.7% of children; age at admission (9-13 years) and low milk/meat consumption were significant predictors.

Conclusions:

  • Central Punjab showed the highest malnutrition rates, with micronutrient deficiencies more prevalent in the South.
  • Early assessment of malnutrition risk is essential for effective prevention strategies in Pakistani orphanages.
Abstract

Keywords:
Dietary patternsMalnutritionNutrient deficienciesNutrition assessment

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