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Differences in Combustible Cigarette Smoking-Related Biomarkers by Hormonal Contraceptive Use: An Exploratory Study.

Alicia M Allen1, Qing Cao2, Lori G Stayer2

  • 1Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine - Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.

Nicotine & Tobacco Research : Official Journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco
|January 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Hormonal contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol may influence smoking biomarkers, while progestin-only contraceptives do not appear to alter them. This study compared smoking biomarkers in women using different types of hormonal contraceptives.

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