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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Identifying Metabolomic Mediators of the Physical Activity and Colorectal Cancer Relationship.

Nikos Papadimitriou1, Nabila Kazmi2,3, Konstantinos K Tsilidis4,5

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Higher physical activity (PA) is linked to lower colorectal cancer risk. The metabolite phosphatidylcholine ae C34:3 (PC ae C34:3) partially explains this association, offering insights into cancer prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics
  • Cancer Epidemiology
  • Physical Activity Research

Background:

  • Growing evidence links higher physical activity (PA) to reduced colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.
  • The specific biological pathways, particularly the role of circulating metabolites, mediating this relationship are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mediating role of the metabolome in the association between physical activity and colorectal cancer risk.
  • To identify specific metabolites that may explain how physical activity influences CRC risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized targeted metabolomics data from 6,055 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort.
  • Employed mediation analyses within a nested case-control study (1,585 cases, 1,585 controls) to assess metabolite mediation of the PA-CRC association.

Main Results:

  • Physical activity was inversely associated with colorectal cancer risk (OR 0.90).
  • PA levels correlated with 24 circulating metabolites, notably phosphatidylcholine acyl-alkyl C34:3 (PC ae C34:3) and lysophosphatidylcholine acyl C18:2.
  • PC ae C34:3 partially mediated the PA-CRC association, accounting for 7.4% of the effect.

Conclusions:

  • The metabolite PC ae C34:3 partially mediates the inverse association between physical activity and colorectal cancer.
  • Further research with enhanced PA assessment and broader metabolomic profiling is warranted to fully elucidate these mechanisms.