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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation tDCS for Memory Enhancement
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Multi-session tDCS over the posterior parietal cortex and associative memory.

Luka Juras1, Marina Martinčević1, Uroš Konstantinović2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.

Plos One
|January 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study explored transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effects on associative memory (AM). Three days of tDCS over the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) did not enhance memory performance in healthy young adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurostimulation

Background:

  • Associative memory (AM) is vital for linking experiences but declines with age and disease.
  • Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), like transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), shows potential for cognitive enhancement.
  • Previous tDCS studies on AM have produced mixed results, highlighting the need for optimized protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cumulative effects of multiple anodal tDCS sessions over the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) on associative memory (AM).
  • To assess the impact of tDCS on item memory and verbal fluency.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of a three-day tDCS protocol in healthy young adults.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized sham-controlled trial involving 59 healthy young adults.
  • Anodal tDCS (1.5 mA, 20 min) applied to the P3 site of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) over three consecutive days.
  • Memory performance (AM, item memory, verbal fluency) assessed at pretest, immediate post-session 1, Day 5 posttest, and Day 9 follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was well-tolerated by participants.
  • No significant enhancement in associative memory, item memory, or verbal fluency was observed following the three-day tDCS protocol.
  • High between-participant variability in memory performance was noted.

Conclusions:

  • The applied three-day anodal tDCS protocol over the PPC did not yield significant improvements in associative memory or other cognitive functions in healthy young adults.
  • Methodological factors, particularly the substantial variability in individual memory performance, may have obscured potential tDCS effects.
  • Further research with refined protocols and consideration of individual differences is warranted to explore tDCS for cognitive enhancement.