Enhancement of burn wound healing using optimized bioactive probiotic-loaded alginate films

Wound infection can prolong the healing process, leading to various complications. Although the use of antibiotics is common, it presents challenges such as poor pharmacokinetics. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has further complicated wound management. Studies have demonstrated the potential of topical probiotics; however, stabilizing these cells and creating appropriate conditions for their colonization are essential. In this study, polymeric films were utilized to immobilize probiotics and provide an effective dressing. Aloe vera gel was incorporated into the films to enhance anti-inflammatory activity and probiotic viability. The optimal film was developed using sodium alginate and zinc chloride, with manufacturing parameters optimized to achieve the highest cell viability and suitable properties through the D-optimal method. The models were verified by comparing the actual and predictive responses of the optimized formulation. The optimal film was characterized using microscopic, mechanical, and microbial examinations. The cross-linked alginate matrix improved the stability of probiotics during storage. In vivo tests demonstrated that the formulation could reduce microbial counts and shorten healing duration. This dressing improved wound healing with immobilized probiotics and aloe vera gel, offering promising directions for future research on advanced biomaterials to enhance wound care and combat antibiotic resistance.