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Updated: May 30, 2025
An In Vitro Model for Measuring Immune Responses to Malaria in the Context of HIV Co-infection
Published on: October 6, 2015
Difference of SARS-CoV-2 infection and influence factors between people with and without HIV infection
Jianhui Yang1, Esben Strodl2, Dandan Zhang1
1Ningbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 1166 Fanjiang'an Road, Haishu District, Ningbo City, 315016, Zhejiang Province, PRC, China.
Background:
There are mixed findings in the literature regarding the association between HIV status and the risk of COVID-19 infection. Thus, we aimed to estimate the association between characteristics of HIV infection and the risk of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese sample.
Methods:
We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1995 people living with HIV (PLWH) and 3503 HIV-negative adults in Ningbo, China. We compared the prevalence rates of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time (more than 2 weeks) among PLWH and HIV-negative participants, respectively. In addition, we explored the risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time among the two groups.
Results:
Overall, 1485/1995 (74.4%) PLWH and 2864/3503 (81.8%) HIV-negative people were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Among the SARS-CoV-2-infected participants, 437/1485 (29.4%) PLWH and 649/2864 (22.7%) HIV-negative people had the long nucleic acid conversion time. After controlling for the potential confounders, the rate of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower among the PLWH than the HIV-negative group (adjusted OR = 0.836, 95% CI = 0.706-0.990). However, PLWH had a significantly higher risk of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection (adjusted OR = 1.417, 95% CI = 1.176-1.707) than the HIV negative participants. Compared with those who did not receive ART, PLWH adults who received ART significantly had the increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, HIV-negative participants receiving COVID-19 vaccines significantly displayed the decreased likelihood of the long nucleic acid conversion time after the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Conclusions:
Our study indicates that different HIV Infection status was significantly and differently associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the long nucleic acid conversion time. However, the further studies are needed to confirm the effect of ART and COVID-19 vaccines on SARS-CoV-2 infection in PLWH.
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