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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

55.9K
Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing01:36

Pre-mRNA Processing: RNA Splicing

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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Using the E1A Minigene Tool to Study mRNA Splicing Changes
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Targeting RNA splicing modulation: new perspectives for anticancer strategy?

Xuemei Lv1,2, Xiaoyu Sun1, Yang Gao1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110122, P. R. China.

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research : CR
|January 30, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aberrant RNA splicing drives cancer development. This review explores cancer-specific splicing signatures and RNA splicing-targeted therapies, including splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), for improved cancer treatment.

Keywords:
Alternative splicingCancerSplice-switching ASOSplicing modulatorsTargeted therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Alternative RNA splicing generates diverse proteins from a single gene.
  • Aberrant RNA splicing is a hallmark of most human cancers.
  • Targeting splicing offers novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review splice-altered signatures in cancer transcriptomes.
  • To discuss the role of splicing aberrations in tumorigenesis and progression.
  • To highlight RNA splicing-targeted cancer therapies and their clinical translation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on RNA splicing and cancer.
  • Analysis of cancer cell transcriptome data for splicing alterations.
  • Discussion of pharmacological agents and splice-switching antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs).

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct splice-altered signatures across various cancer types.
  • Detailed the contribution of splicing aberrations to cancer initiation and metastasis.
  • Summarized the mechanisms and clinical progress of splicing-targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Aberrant RNA splicing is a critical driver of cancer.
  • RNA splicing-targeted strategies, including ASOs, show promise for cancer therapy.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in clinical translation.