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Pneumomediastinum in MDA5+ Dermatomyositis: A Case Series
Ramaswamy Subramanian1, Rupal Prasad2, Mamadapur Mahabaleshwar1
1Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Research, Mysore, India.
Abstract:
MDA5+ DM, or anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis (DM), is a rare autoimmune illness that primarily affects women of Asian origin. The typical presentation of MDA5+ DM includes a variety of cutaneous lesions accompanied by either no muscular weakness (amyopathic) or hypomyopathic features. In patients with MDA5+ DM, rapid progression of interstitial lung disease is a frequent manifestation associated with poor prognosis. Pneumomediastinum, spontaneous intramuscular haemorrhage, and macrophage activation syndrome form a spectrum of rare manifestations associated with MDA5+ DM. Since these issues are uncommon but fatal, it's important to explore the approaches for diagnosis, treatments, and possible mechanisms, that are useful for prompt treatments and management of the patient.
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