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Validation of existential fulfillment scale in Chinese university students
Jian Chen1, Xiaoyan Chen1, Chen Miao1
1School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
Introduction:
This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Existential Fulfillment Scale (EFS) in a Chinese university student sample, emphasizing the cultural fit of the scale.
Methods:
A cohort of 1,600 undergraduate students from six universities in Fujian Province completed questionnaires including the EFS, Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ), Index of Well-Being (IWB), and Self-Depression Scale (SDS). We conducted item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and assessments of criterion-related validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.
Results:
The Chinese EFS consists of two dimensions-self-acceptance and self-breakthrough-across 14 items, reflecting cultural distinctions from the original model by combining the dimensions of self-actualization and self-transcendence. This revised structure aligns with Chinese cultural perspectives on individual growth, where self-actualization often integrates aspects of self-transcendence. The scale showed positive associations with the MLQ and IWB and a negative association with the SDS, supporting the scale's criterion-related validity. Internal consistency ranged from 0.87 to 0.97, and test-retest reliability ranged from 0.75 to 0.83.
Discussion:
These findings indicate that the Chinese EFS is a reliable tool for assessing existential fulfillment among Chinese university students.
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