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Related Concept Videos

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies. Common...
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased by a...

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Related Experiment Video

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Experimental Endocarditis Model of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus MRSA in Rat
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Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis Due to Bartonella henselae.

Taku Omori1, Naoki Fujimoto1, Keigo Nishida1

  • 1Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.

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Summary

Bartonella henselae causes culture-negative endocarditis, often missed by standard treatments. Identifying this pathogen prevented further valve damage and unnecessary surgeries in a recent case.

Keywords:
Bartonella henselaeculture-negativeinfective endocarditis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Culture-negative endocarditis poses diagnostic challenges.
  • Bartonella henselae is an underrecognized cause of infective endocarditis.
  • Standard empirical antibiotic regimens are frequently ineffective against Bartonella henselae.

Observation:

  • A patient presented with culture-negative endocarditis.
  • Initial treatments failed to resolve the infection.
  • Diagnostic efforts focused on identifying the causative pathogen.

Findings:

  • Bartonella henselae was identified as the causative agent.
  • Accurate pathogen identification guided targeted therapy.
  • The patient's condition improved with appropriate treatment.

Implications:

  • Early identification of Bartonella henselae is crucial for effective endocarditis management.
  • This case highlights the limitations of empirical therapy for culture-negative endocarditis.
  • Timely diagnosis can prevent severe complications such as repeated valve destruction and surgery.