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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 30, 2025

Visualizing Bacteria in Nematodes using Fluorescent Microscopy

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Published on: October 19, 2012

Interactions Between Bacterivorous Nematodes and Bacteria Reduce N₂O Emissions.

Xu Xu^1,2, Xinling Wang¹, Ting Sun¹

¹The Sanya Institute of the Nanjing Agricultural University, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)

|January 31, 2025

Summary

Nematodes regulate soil microbes, influencing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Introducing the nematode Protorhabditis reduced N2O emissions by altering bacterial communities, offering greenhouse gas mitigation potential.

Keywords:

nematoda nosZ gene selective predation soil microbial communities trophic interaction

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Area of Science:

Soil ecology
Microbial ecology
Biogeochemical cycles

Background:

Trophic interactions in soil micro-food webs, particularly between nematodes and bacteria, influence nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide (N2O) dynamics.
The specific impact of nematode-driven alterations in soil bacterial community composition on N2O emissions remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the bacterial-feeding nematode Protorhabditis in regulating soil microbial communities.
To determine the effect of nematode activity on soil N2O production and consumption.
To explore the potential of nematode-bacteria interactions for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.

Main Methods:

Microcosm experiments were conducted using soil defaunated and inoculated with the nematode Protorhabditis.
Bacterial community composition and the abundance of the nosZ gene were analyzed.
In vitro experiments assessed the impact of Protorhabditis on Bacillus activity and N2O reduction.

Main Results:

Defaunation, particularly the removal of Protorhabditis, led to increased N2O emissions.
Protorhabditis inoculation altered bacterial communities, increasing the relative abundance of Bacillus and the nosZ gene.
In vitro studies showed Protorhabditis enhances N2O reduction by Bacillus through competition suppression and growth factor production.

Conclusions:

Nematode-bacteria interactions significantly modify soil N2O emissions.
The nematode Protorhabditis plays a key role in regulating N2O fluxes by influencing bacterial communities.
Manipulating soil trophic interactions presents a viable strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.