Light Assisted Covalent Immobilization of Proteins for Biomedical Applications

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Photochemistry
• Materials Science

Background:

• Covalent protein immobilization is crucial for applications like biosensors and drug delivery.
• Conventional methods often face limitations in cost, efficiency, and simplicity.
• There is a growing need for advanced protein immobilization techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the literature on covalent protein immobilization.
• To highlight photo-immobilization as a superior alternative to conventional methods.
• To present photochemical approaches for immobilizing various protein types.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases.
• Analysis of studies on covalent protein immobilization techniques.
• Examination of photochemical methods using UV and visible light.

Main Results:

• Photo-immobilization provides nanoscale precision and enables device reusability.
• The technique is versatile, applicable to both 2D and 3D substrates.
• Straightforward methods utilize natural amino acid bonds, avoiding complex linkers.

Conclusions:

• Photo-immobilization presents a sustainable, efficient, and precise alternative for protein attachment.
• This technique holds significant potential for advancing biosensors, protein purification, and personalized therapeutics.
• Further research into photochemical approaches can optimize protein immobilization for diverse biomedical applications.