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Related Concept Videos

Redox Reactions01:24

Redox Reactions

Oxidation-reduction or redox reactions involve the transfer of electrons from one molecule or atom to another. When an atom gains an electron, another atom must lose an electron, meaning oxidation and reduction must occur together. Since the redox occurs in pairs, the atom that gets oxidized is also called the reducing agent or reductant, and the atom that is reduced is also called the oxidizing agent or oxidant. A straightforward way to remember the definitions of oxidation and reduction is...
Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at the...
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Electrochemical Systems

Electrochemical systems provide a fascinating insight into the dynamic interplay of charged species within various phases. One notable example is the interaction between a membrane permeable to K⁺ ions but not to Cl⁻ ions, separating an aqueous KCl solution from pure water. As K⁺ ions diffuse through the membrane, they generate net charges on each phase, leading to a potential difference between them.Similarly, when a piece of Zn is immersed in an aqueous ZnSO₄ solution, the Zn metal, composed...
Electrochemical Cells01:28

Electrochemical Cells

Electrochemical cells are systems that convert chemical energy into electrical energy or use electrical energy to drive chemical reactions. They consist of two electrodes in contact with an electrolyte, where redox reactions enable electron transfer. Most electrochemical cells include two half-cells connected by an external wire for electron flow and a salt bridge for ion flow. The salt bridge contains an electrolyte solution and maintains charge neutrality by allowing ions—not electrons—to...

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Fabrication of Electrochemical-DNA Biosensors for the Reagentless Detection of Nucleic Acids, Proteins and Small Molecules
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3D Printed Spectroelectrochemical Platform for Redox-Based Bioelectronics.

Chen-Yu Chen1,2,3, Eunkyoung Kim2,3, Fauziah Rahma Zakaria1,2,3

  • 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.

Small Methods
|January 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a 3D-printed device for advanced redox analysis, enabling electronic signal conversion from molecular information. The technology facilitates biomanufacturing sensing, hydrogel characterization, and biofilm studies, accelerating redox research.

Keywords:
3D printingantibody fragmentationartificial biofilmelectrofluorochromicoperandoredoxspectroelectrochemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Redox reactions are crucial for interconverting molecular and biological information into electronic signals.
  • Existing laboratory instruments can be enhanced with advanced redox capabilities.
  • 3D printing offers a versatile platform for fabricating custom electrochemical devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the fabrication of a 3D-printed multiwell device for advanced redox-based spectral and electrochemical analysis.
  • To demonstrate the device's utility in biomanufacturing, materials characterization, and synthetic biology applications.
  • To showcase how 3D printing enables bespoke electrochemical devices for redox phenomena research.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 3D-printed multiwell device compatible with standard laboratory instruments.
  • Application of mediated probing for electrochemical sensing in biomanufacturing (monoclonal antibody analysis).
  • Utilizing operando spectroelectrochemical measurements for characterizing redox-active hydrogel films.
  • Electro-assembly of synthetic biofilms with redox-responsive bacteria for gene expression studies.

Main Results:

  • Electrochemical metrics successfully distinguished intact monoclonal antibodies from fragmented variants, correlating with off-line analysis.
  • Spectroelectrochemical data revealed correlations between electron transfer and molecular switching in a catechol-based hydrogel film.
  • Gene expression in synthetic biofilms was controllably induced under specific redox conditions via electrochemical methods.

Conclusions:

  • 3D printing facilitates the creation of tailored electrochemical devices for studying redox processes.
  • The developed device enhances the understanding of redox phenomena in biological systems.
  • This technology enables the detection and characterization of redox activities in various technological applications.