Combining non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and EEG markers analysis: an innovative approach to cognitive...

In an era marked by a rapidly aging global population, delving into the intricate neurophysiological changes that accompany the aging process assumes paramount importance. This narrative review offers a comprehensive exploration of the intricate relationship between electromagnetic neuromodulation and electroencephalography (EEG) within the context of aging. Moreover, it showed the promising landscape of non-invasive neuromodulation techniques, encompassing established methodologies like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct and alternating current stimulation (tDCS/tACS). These modalities are analyzed for their potential to shape EEG marks in the aging population. These associations not only could broaden our understanding of the aging brain but could also suggest exciting scenarios for therapeutic interventions and cognitive enhancement among the elderly. Consequently, the comprehension of these mechanisms emerges as a critical key player for the development of precisely tailored interventions, aimed at mitigating age-associated cognitive decline and supporting robust brain health in the elderly.