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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Interferometry
    • Wavefront Sensing

    Background:

    • Accurate wavefront reconstruction is crucial for optical system performance.
    • Rotational shearing interferometers offer advantages in simplicity and robustness.
    • Existing methods may struggle with absolute wavefront determination and noise sensitivity.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an iterative optimization approach for wavefront reconstruction in rotational shearing interferometers.
    • To achieve absolute wavefront reconstruction with high uniformity.
    • To validate the method's performance under noisy conditions and experimental settings.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing Zernike polynomials for wavefront representation.
    • Simultaneously optimizing two incorrect shearing amounts.
    • Employing an iterative optimization algorithm.
    • Experimental validation using a Shack-Hartmann sensor for comparison.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved high uniformity in root mean square (RMS) wavefront reconstruction.
    • Demonstrated low reconstruction errors (peak-to-valley and RMS) within the μλ range under noisy simulations.
    • Successfully identified asymmetric aberrations in an imperfectly collimated light source.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed iterative optimization approach enables accurate and robust wavefront reconstruction.
    • The method shows excellent agreement with established wavefront sensing techniques.
    • This technique is suitable for applications requiring precise wavefront characterization, even with imperfect optical setups.