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Workplace Prejudice Toward Nurses (WPtN): Scale Development and Validation.

Miranda P Kaye1, Cheryl Dellasega, D Adriana Andreae

  • 1Author Affiliations: Survey Lab, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois (Dr Kaye); Department of Humanities, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania (Dr Dellasega); and The University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Dr Andreae).

ANS. Advances in Nursing Science
|January 31, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new scale, the Workplace Prejudice toward Nurses (WPtN) scale, was developed to measure prejudice experienced by nurses. Findings show this prejudice negatively impacts job satisfaction and retention for underrepresented nurses.

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Area of Science:

  • Nursing
  • Healthcare Disparities
  • Occupational Health

Background:

  • Workplace equality, morale, and retention are crucial for nurses.
  • Existing instruments do not measure prejudice specifically directed toward nurses.
  • Underrepresented nurses often face unique workplace challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Workplace Prejudice toward Nurses (WPtN) scale.
  • To assess the prevalence and sources of workplace prejudice experienced by nurses.
  • To understand the impact of workplace prejudice on job satisfaction and retention.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of the WPtN scale.
  • Online survey administered to 1692 nurses (65% underrepresented).
  • Analysis of prejudice types, frequency, sources, and impact on job satisfaction and retention.

Main Results:

  • The WPtN scale demonstrated a reliable 1-factor and 4-factor model fit.
  • 34% of nurses reported experiencing workplace prejudice.
  • Prejudice originated from patients (45%), family members (41%), coworkers (42%), and administrators (14%).
  • Experiencing prejudice negatively affected job satisfaction and retention.

Conclusions:

  • The WPtN scale is a validated and reliable tool for measuring workplace prejudice among nurses.
  • Workplace prejudice is a significant issue impacting nurses, particularly those from underrepresented backgrounds.
  • Addressing workplace prejudice is essential for improving nurse morale, satisfaction, and retention.