Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 30, 2025
Simulator Training for Endovascular Neurosurgery
Published on: May 6, 2020
Surgical training simulation modalities in minimally invasive surgery: How to achieve evidence-based curricula by
Philipp Seeger1, Nikolaos Kaldis2, Felix Nickel1
1Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Background:
Surgery has evolved from a hands-on discipline where skills were acquired via the "learning by doing" principle to a surgical science with attention to patient safety, health care effectiveness and evidence-based research. A variety of simulation modalities have been developed to meet the need for effective resident training. So far, research regarding surgical training for minimally invasive surgery has been extensive but also heterogenous in grade of evidence.
Methods:
A literature search was conducted to summarize current knowledge about simulation training and to guide research towards evidence-based curricula with translational effects. This was conducted using a variety of terms in PubMed for English articles up to October 2024. Results are presented in a structured narrative review.
Results:
For virtual reality simulators, there is sound evidence for effective training outcomes. The required instruments for the development of minimally invasive surgery curricula combining different simulation modalities to create a clinical benefit are known and published.
Conclusion:
Surgeons are the main creators for minimally invasive surgery training curricula and often follow a hands-on oriented approach that leaves out equally important aspects of assessment, evaluation, and feedback. Further high-quality research that includes available evidence in this field promises to improve patient safety in surgical disciplines.
