Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2025

Using Visual and Narrative Methods to Achieve Fair Process in Clinical Care
Published on: February 16, 2011
Role of Gender and Race in Patient-Reported Outcomes and Satisfaction
Priyanka Singla1, Lynn R Kohan2
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Virginia, 545 Ray C. Hunt Drive, First Floor, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA.
Abstract:
Patient-reported outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures are important tools that pertain to a patient's health, quality of life, or functional status associated with clinical care. There are multiple measurement tools available to measure these outcomes. Recently, there has been an increased focus on understanding the role of demographic determinants such as gender, race and socioeconomic status (SES) on patient reported outcomes. Therefore, in this review, outcome domain tools to measure these domains and the roles of gender, race, and SES on outcomes are analyzed.
Related Concept Videos
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
Surveys
Barriers to Effective Communication II
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
Ethical Issues
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
Assessment of the Cardiovascular System I: Subjective Data
Initial Enquiry
Ask the patient about their primary concern and thoroughly explore all reported symptoms.
Medical History
Investigate past illnesses affecting the cardiovascular system, such as angina, anemia, rheumatic fever, congenital heart disease, stroke, thrombophlebitis, dysrhythmias, varicosities
Inquire about symptoms...
Guidelines for Writing Outcome
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...

