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Adverse effects of nanoparticles on humans
Yasuo Morimoto1, Hiroto Izumi1, Taisuke Tomonaga1
1Department of Occupational Pneumology, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Yahatanishi-ku, Iseigaoka 1-1, Kitakyushu City, Fukuoka Prefecture, 807-8555, Japan.
Journal of Occupational Health
|January 31, 2025
Summary
Previously, only micron-sized particles were considered harmful. Now, new research shows engineered nanoparticles, like carbon nanotubes and welding fumes, pose different health risks requiring updated occupational safety measures.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Nanotoxicology
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Historically, adverse health effects from inhaled particles focused on micron-sized materials, particularly crystalline silica.
- Recent advancements have led to the development of engineered nano-level particles with distinct properties and potential health impacts.
- Existing occupational health management strategies may not adequately address the risks associated with these novel ultrafine particles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the adverse health effects of specific engineered nanoparticles.
- To highlight the need for differentiated occupational health management for nanoparticles compared to traditional micron-sized particles.
- To provide examples of nanoparticles, including carbon nanotubes, welding fumes, and organic substances, and their associated risks.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on nanoparticle toxicology.
- Analysis of reported adverse effects associated with specific manufactured nanoparticles.
- Comparative assessment of health risks between micron-sized and nano-sized particles.
Main Results:
- Engineered nanoparticles, such as carbon nanotubes and welding fumes, exhibit adverse health effects distinct from those of micron-sized particles.
- Ultrafine particles necessitate specialized occupational health management protocols.
- Organic substances at the nanoscale also present unique toxicological profiles.
Conclusions:
- The emergence of engineered nanoparticles requires a paradigm shift in occupational health and safety.
- Current management strategies for micron-sized particles are insufficient for addressing nanoparticle risks.
- Further research and updated regulations are crucial for managing the health implications of widespread nanoparticle use.
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