Traumatic lumbosacral instability: part 2-indications and techniques for surgical management

Traumatic lumbosacral instability (TLSI) refers to a traumatic disruption of the axial skeleton at the level of the lumbosacral motion segment and/or sacrum, resulting in mechanical separation of the caudal spinal column from the posterior pelvic ring. Managing TLSI and its four underlying conditions poses unique challenges among spinal and pelvic injuries. This second part of a two-part series focuses on treatment strategies and decision making in TLSI, with an emphasis on surgical stabilization techniques. The primary objectives of this article are to: (1) elucidate factors influencing clinical decision-making, (2) synthesize current treatment options for the injury patterns underlying TLSI, and (3) briefly outline expected outcomes and complications.