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Prevalence of coeliac trunk variants: A systematic review with meta-analysis

George Triantafyllou1, Nektarios Belimezakis1, Orestis Lyros2

  • 1Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
|February 1, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The coeliac trunk (CoT) typically has three branches, but variations are common. This review found the most frequent CoT variant involves two branches, highlighting the importance of understanding these anatomical differences in clinical practice.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Radiology

Background:

  • The coeliac trunk (CoT) is a major artery branching from the abdominal aorta.
  • It typically supplies the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries.
  • Understanding CoT variations is crucial for clinical interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the prevalence of coeliac trunk variants.
  • To propose a classification system for CoT variations based on branch number.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of four online databases was conducted.
  • Meta-analysis using R software calculated pooled prevalence of variants.
  • Subgroup analysis explored factors influencing variant prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Typical three-branched CoT (Type 3) prevalence: 83.39%.
  • Most common variation: two-branched CoT (Type 2) at 10.53%.
  • Hepato-splenic trunk (a common variant) prevalence: 6.68%.

Conclusions:

  • The study proposes a classification for CoT variants based on branch number.
  • Knowledge of CoT variations is essential for anatomists, radiologists, and surgeons.
  • Accurate anatomical knowledge aids in preventing complications during abdominal surgeries.
Abstract

Keywords:
Celiac trunkClinical anatomyCoeliac trunkEvidence-based anatomySurgical anatomyVariations

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