Ins-ATP: Deep estimation of ATP for organoid based on high throughput microscope images

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a high-energy phosphate compound, the most direct energy source in organisms. ATP is an important biomarker for evaluating cell viability in biology. Researchers often use ATP bioluminescence to measure the ATP of organoid after drug to evaluate the drug efficacy. However, ATP bioluminescence has limitations, leading to unreliable drug screening results. ATP bioluminescence measurement requires the lysis of organoid cells, making it impossible to continuously monitor the long-term viability changes of organoids after drug administration. To overcome the disadvantages of ATP bioluminescence, we propose Ins-ATP, a non-invasive strategy, the first organoid ATP estimation model based on the high-throughput microscope image. Ins-ATP directly estimates the ATP of organoids from high-throughput microscope images so that it does not influence the drug reactions of organoids. Therefore, the ATP change of organoids can be observed for a long time to obtain more stable results. Experimental results show that the ATP estimation by Ins-ATP is in good agreement with those determined by ATP bioluminescence. Specifically, the predictions of Ins-ATP are consistent with the results measured by ATP bioluminescence in the efficacy evaluation experiments of different drugs.