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Related Concept Videos

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region01:03

IR Frequency Region: Fingerprint Region

725
IR spectra are divided into two main regions: the diagnostic region and the fingerprint region. The diagnostic region of the spectrum lies above 1500 cm−1. The absorptions resulting from single-bond vibrations of the N–H, C–H, and O–H stretch at higher wavenumbers and appear on the left side of the spectrum. The stretching absorptions of the C≡C and C≡N occur between 2100–2300 cm−1. In contrast, those arising from stretching absorptions of the...
725

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Fingerprints in ancient China - A mini-review.

D Petrétei1,2

  • 1Department of Dactiloscopy, Hungarian Institute for Forensic Sciences, Ministry of Interior, Budapest, Hungary.

Forensic Science Review
|February 1, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Ancient China utilized fingerprints for identification and legal documents, tracing back to the Zhou and Qin dynasties. This review examines original Tang and Song dynasty sources to clarify their historical use.

Keywords:
FingerprintsJia Gongyan (贾公彦)SongTangZhoupalm

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • History of Science
  • Anthropology

Background:

  • Fingerprint identification is crucial in forensic science and security.
  • Historical accounts of early fingerprint use often cite ancient Chinese practices.
  • Existing literature on Chinese fingerprint history contains inaccuracies and outdated references.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review original Chinese sources from the Tang and Song dynasties concerning fingerprint usage.
  • To investigate and clarify the historical application of fingerprints in ancient China.
  • To provide an accurate overview of early Chinese fingerprint documentation.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of publicly available original documents from the Tang and Song periods.
  • Critical review of historical literature referencing early Chinese fingerprint use.
  • Comparative analysis of primary sources and secondary accounts.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests fingerprints were used on contracts and legal documents during the Tang and Song dynasties.
  • The earliest documented use of fingerprints for identification dates back to the Qin dynasty.
  • The Zhou dynasty shows the earliest known use of fingerprints.

Conclusions:

  • Original sources confirm the significant role of fingerprints in Chinese legal and administrative practices during the Tang and Song dynasties.
  • Accurate historical review of primary sources is essential for understanding the evolution of fingerprint identification.
  • This study contributes to a more precise understanding of the historical application of fingerprints in China.