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Psychosocial Responses to a Cardiovascular Exercise Randomized Controlled Trial: Does Intensity Matter for
Lynden Rodrigues1, Kevin Moncion2, Sotiria Anna Angelopoulos3
1School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montréal, Québec; Memory and Motor Rehabilitation Laboratory (MEMORY-LAB), Laval, Québec; Feil and Oberfeld Research Centre, Hôpital Juif de Réadaptation, Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Réadaptation du Montréal métropolitain (CRIR), Laval, Québec.
Objective:
This study compared the effect of cardiovascular high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on psychosocial responses to exercise, motivation, and enjoyment, in individuals with chronic stroke.
Design:
A secondary analysis of motivation and enjoyment outcomes collected from a randomized controlled trial (NCT03614585) comparing 12 weeks of HIIT vs MICT in participants with chronic stroke (6-60mo post-stroke) was conducted.
Setting:
General community.
Participants:
Seventy-one individuals (N=71) with chronic stroke (mean ± SD, age: 65.5 ± 8.4y, 19.4 ± 13.4mo post-stroke, 38% women) and mild disability (median ± interquartile range, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 1 ± 2).
Interventions:
Twelve-week, 3 per week progressive cardiovascular HIIT or MICT program conducted on NuStep recumbent steppers.
Main Outcome Measures:
Motivation (Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-3) was measured at weeks 1, 6, and 12. Enjoyment outcomes comprised of affective response (Feeling Scale) assessed at each training session, and post-exercise enjoyment (Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale) assessed at weeks 6 and 12. Linear mixed models, examining group, time and group × time point interactions in motivation constructs and composite scores, mean affective response per session, and post-exercise enjoyment were used to compare the effect of HIIT vs MICT.
Results:
HIIT elicited a lower affective response (mean difference [95% CI]: -1.18 [-1.90 to -0.47]; P=.002), that also progressively declined during sessions, in contrast to MICT (group × time point interaction: F [2,63.5]=3.99, P=.02). HIIT and MICT did not elicit any significant difference between groups or change over time for post-exercise enjoyment or any motivation constructs (P>.05).
Conclusions:
Despite lower affective response during exercise, HIIT elicits equivalent motivation and post-exercise enjoyment compared to MICT. This study provides further support for the implementation of HIIT in stroke rehabilitation by demonstrating sustained responses of motivation and post-enjoyment. Future studies should consider potential strategies that positively reinforce these important psychosocial responses to implement HIIT in post-stroke rehabilitation.
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