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Claudin 18.2 Immunohistochemistry Expression in Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review
Joan Lop Gros1, Pablo Santiago Díaz2, Mónica Larrubia Loring2
1Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona.
Applied Immunohistochemistry & Molecular Morphology : AIMM
|February 3, 2025
Summary
Claudin 18.2 expression varies in gastric cancer studies due to inconsistent criteria. Standardizing pathology protocols is crucial for upcoming claudin 18.2 targeted therapies in advanced gastric cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Pathology
Background:
- Claudin 18.2 is a transmembrane protein in gastric epithelium.
- It shows promise as a therapeutic target for advanced gastric cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review claudin 18.2 expression in gastric cancer.
- To identify variability in diagnostic criteria and its impact.
Main Methods:
- PubMed database search for "Stomach Neoplasms" and "claudin-18" or "CLDN18".
- Selection of 17 preclinical studies using immunohistochemistry for claudin 18.2 expression.
- Analysis of reported positivity thresholds and associated clinical variables.
Main Results:
- Significant variability in claudin 18.2 positivity rates (24%-83%) due to differing criteria.
- Positivity associated with advanced stage, diffuse phenotype, PD-L1, and EBV in some studies.
- Inconsistent associations with clinical/survival variables likely due to methodological differences.
Conclusions:
- Variability in claudin 18.2 assessment criteria hinders consistent interpretation.
- Standardization of pathology protocols is recommended for upcoming claudin 18.2 therapies.
- Further research needed to establish robust associations with clinical and molecular factors.
