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Related Concept Videos

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

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Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.
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Updated: May 29, 2025

Hollow Microneedle-based Sensor for Multiplexed Transdermal Electrochemical Sensing
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Advancements in heavy metal detection using microneedle array technology.

Robert M Taylor1, Abdul-Mehdi S Ali2, Yiliang Zhu3

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.

Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods
|February 3, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Interstitial fluid (ISF) analysis using microneedle arrays offers a novel, noninvasive method for quantifying heavy metals (HM) and metalloids in biological systems. This approach shows promise for real-time exposure monitoring and health risk assessment.

Keywords:
ICP-MSISFMicroneedleheavy metalsinductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometryinterstitial fluid

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Heavy metal and metalloid (HM) exposure is a significant public health concern, linked to severe health issues like cancer and renal damage.
  • Contamination by arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), uranium (U), and vanadium (V) is particularly noted in the Western US.
  • Interstitial fluid (ISF) contains valuable biomarkers, but its collection has traditionally been invasive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using microneedle array (MA) technology for minimally invasive collection of ISF for heavy metal and metalloid quantification.
  • To establish analytical methods for detecting HMs in ISF and define baseline concentrations.
  • To assess the correlation between ISF and plasma HM levels in animal models and human subjects.

Main Methods:

  • Development and validation of analytical parameters for HM detection in ISF using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).
  • Collection of ISF and plasma from Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to varying levels of HMs over 8 weeks.
  • Analysis of ISF and biological fluids from three human subjects for HM content.

Main Results:

  • A significant correlation was observed between HM levels in ISF and plasma, validating ISF as a reflective biomarker.
  • Baseline concentrations of HMs in ISF from unexposed animal populations were successfully established.
  • The study demonstrated the feasibility of quantifying HMs using small volumes of ISF, highlighting the sensitivity of the method.

Conclusions:

  • Microneedle array-extracted ISF provides a viable, minimally invasive alternative for monitoring heavy metal and metalloid exposure.
  • The established baseline ISF HM levels serve as a critical reference for future environmental health studies.
  • This technology holds potential for real-time, noninvasive health surveillance related to HM contamination.