Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

In-vitro Mutagenesis

In-vitro Mutagenesis

To learn more about the function of a gene, researchers can observe what happens when the gene is inactivated or “knocked out,” by creating genetically engineered knockout animals. Knockout mice have been particularly useful as models for human diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s disease, and diabetes.

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mouse Models of Cancer Study

Mice have long served as models for studying human biology and pathology because of their phylogenetic and physiological similarity with humans. They are also easy to maintain and breed in the laboratory, and hence, many inbred strains are now available for research. Studies on mice have contributed immeasurably to our understanding of cancer biology.
The development of transgenic, knockout, and knock-in mice has led to an exponential increase in their use as model organisms in research,...

Mismatch Repair

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

Whole Body Regeneration

Whole Body Regeneration

Regeneration is the process of restoring injured or lost tissues, organs, or body parts. While simpler organisms generally show greater ability to regenerate their whole body, few complex animals show similarly exceptional regeneration. For example, planarian flatworms have a unique regenerative potential making them a popular study organism among biologists to understand the mechanisms of whole body regeneration. Other organisms, such as hydra, also show extreme regeneration potential; even...

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Label-free interferometry platform for drug response profiling of bioprinted tumor organoids at single-organoid resolution.

Nature protocols·2026

Same author

Rates and Outcomes of Head and Neck Cancer Among Patients With Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders.

Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery·2026

Same author

Application of Label-Free Detection Using Tapered Optical Fiber System for Head and Neck Cancer and Infectious Biomolecules.

Head & neck·2026

Same author

ETS1 Orchestrates a Hybrid EMT Program Driving Metastasis and Immune Evasion.

Cancer research·2026

Same author

Genome-wide variation in cell-free DNA end-motif entropy predicts immunotherapy response in head and neck cancer.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026

Same author

Haplotype-resolved telomere-to-telomere genome of <i>Aphelenchus avenae</i> implicates <i>P5CS</i> in nematode desiccation stress response.

Genome research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Published on: May 5, 2021

Genetically Defined Organoid Models Reveal Mechanisms Driving Squamous Cell Neoplastic Evolution and Identify

Hua Zhao¹, Young Min Park², Yueyuan Zheng³

¹Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|February 3, 2025

Summary

Understanding early upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma (UASCC) is crucial. Genetically defined organoid models reveal a diminished senescence program, regulated by ANXA1, that suppresses early cancer development.

More Related Videos

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Published on: November 22, 2021

Generating and Imaging Mouse and Human Epithelial Organoids from Normal and Tumor Mammary Tissue Without Passaging

Generating and Imaging Mouse and Human Epithelial Organoids from Normal and Tumor Mammary Tissue Without Passaging

Published on: November 11, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Creating Matched In vivo/In vitro Patient-Derived Model Pairs of PDX and PDX-Derived Organoids for Cancer Pharmacology Research

Published on: May 5, 2021

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Profiling Sensitivity to Targeted Therapies in EGFR-Mutant NSCLC Patient-Derived Organoids

Published on: November 22, 2021

Generating and Imaging Mouse and Human Epithelial Organoids from Normal and Tumor Mammary Tissue Without Passaging

Generating and Imaging Mouse and Human Epithelial Organoids from Normal and Tumor Mammary Tissue Without Passaging

Published on: November 11, 2022

Area of Science:

Oncology
Cancer Biology
Molecular Pathology

Background:

Upper aerodigestive squamous cell carcinoma (UASCC) is a lethal cancer with poorly understood early development.
Genetic mutations play a key role in neoplastic transformation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the early mechanisms of UASCC development using genetically defined organoid models.
To identify key pathways and potential therapeutic targets in early-stage UASCC.

Main Methods:

Generation and characterization of over 25 genetically-defined murine and human oral/esophageal organoid models.
Utilizing single-cell analysis to study cellular changes during malignant transformation.
Performing high-throughput drug screening on organoid models.

Main Results:

TP53 and CDKN2A double knockout induced dysplasia, hyperproliferation, and loss of differentiation, exacerbated by other driver mutations.
Single-cell analysis showed expansion of basal and proliferative cells, with a loss of differentiated cells.
A senescence program regulated by ANXA1 was diminished in early neoplastic evolution.
The ANXA1-SMAD3-p27KIP1 pathway was identified as a critical regulator of senescence.
PIK3CA-driven organoids showed sensitivity to Mitomycin C and Onalespib.

Conclusions:

Genetically-defined organoid models are valuable for studying early cancer biology.
The ANXA1-SMAD3-p27KIP1 pathway is a critical suppressor of neoplastic features in early UASCC.
Targeted therapies may be effective against specific genetic drivers in UASCC.